What Is Eczema?
Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes dry, itchy, and irritated skin. It often begins in childhood but can develop at any age. Symptoms may come and go over time, with periods of improvement followed by flare-ups.
Although eczema is not contagious, it can be frustrating and uncomfortable without proper treatment.
What Causes Eczema?
Eczema develops when the skin’s natural protective barrier doesn’t work as well as it should. This allows moisture to escape while making the skin more sensitive to irritation and inflammation. Genetics often play a role, but environmental triggers can cause symptoms to flare.
Common triggers include:
- Dry skin
- Soaps and fragrances
- Wool or rough fabrics
- Environmental allergens
- Stress
- Weather changes
- Frequent hand washing
Learning what triggers your eczema is often an important part of managing the condition.
Signs and Symptoms
Eczema symptoms vary from person to person but commonly include:
- Dry, rough skin
- Intense itching
- Red or inflamed patches
- Cracked or scaly skin
- Thickened skin from repeated scratching
- Small bumps that may ooze or crust over
The itching often leads to scratching, which further irritates the skin and can make symptoms worse.
Childhood Eczema
Eczema often begins during infancy or early childhood, causing dry, itchy patches that commonly appear on the cheeks, arms, legs, or behind the knees. While many children improve as they get older, some continue to experience eczema into adulthood.
Early treatment can help control symptoms, reduce flare-ups, and make your child more comfortable.